Monday, December 30, 2019
War on Drugs In Modern World - Free Essay Example
Sample details Pages: 5 Words: 1483 Downloads: 9 Date added: 2019/08/08 Category Law Essay Level High school Tags: War On Drugs Essay Did you like this example? War on Drugs The War on drugs is a war on people and a war on progress, said Michael K Williams in his CNN piece, The war on drugs is war on people. Drug wars destroyed familys lives, crowded our jails, prisons and robbed futures of black and brown communitiesâ⬠thats what drugs do, they destroy people. According to Williams, the war on drugs has not made America a safer place. Donââ¬â¢t waste time! Our writers will create an original "War on Drugs In Modern World" essay for you Create order The war on drugs has a way of demonizing and silencing black youth generations, for at least 45 years. Studies show that in 2014, an average of 2.2 million people were incarceratedâ⬠raising the percentage to 350% over 4 decades. As of today, 60% of people behind bars are black or Hispanic. Studies showed 1 out of 3 men who are locked up in prison are black or Hispanic. Reports indicated that white men are less likely to end up in jail than black men. Bruce Western reported that 41% of all black males who dropped out of high school before the age of 30 have a higher risk of getting arrested and locked up in jail. The Justice Department claimed 1 out of 8 black males are locked up before the age of 30. Jeffery A. Miron, a professor of Economics at Boston University gives his history about the war on drugs. Miron explained how the United States put away 38,000 people behind bars for drug possession and drug offenses. Miron reported that 1.2 million out of 1.5 million people are locked up in jail or prison for drug possession offenses only. Many arrests for possession occur because the arrestee violated some other lawsâ⬠prostitution, theft, speeding, loitering, disorderly conduct, and so onâ⬠and was found to possess drugs. Thrus, otherwise law-abiding citizens who wish to purchase and consume drugs face minimal risk of arrest or other situation, Says Miron. Michael K Williams, a Brooklyn actor, speaks out about his experience and struggle with substance abuse. Williams claimed he received treatment to help control his drug addiction. Later, William said he would rather experience being jailed for his past addiction issues. Williams revealed how he overcame his drug addictio n but never got to experience any arrests. President Barack Obama focused on more drug offenses than any other president in the United States. The Department of Justice delivered a message to end any usage of private prisons. The United States Senator considered reducing mandatory sentencing by giving judges the opportunity to hand down sentences to fit each crime. First lady Nancy Reagan wanted to change current laws that interfered during the crack epidemic in the 1980s. Reagan created a campaign called Just Say No to decrease demand. Although Reagan tried to send a message to the United Nations Audience on the 25th of Oct. 1988. Regan claimed to the United Nations Audience that the U.S had the highest ranking for drug abuse in the world. The war on Mexico continues with violent drug crimes and rival cartels. Anne Deslandes wrote an article on Guerro Mexicos failed attempts on drugs. Deslandes, mentions in her article that Guerro, Mexico lost 2,318 people from violent homicide attacks involved with drug trafficking. Deslandes talks about the war against poppy farming and crack downs from the National Army in Mexico. Deslandes explains how Mexico should legalize poppy production to farmers in Mexico that allow the farmers to cultivate their products without being in danger from cartels and the Mexican government. A former president, Ernst Zedillo, encouraged law makers in Mexico, saying: Give the benefit of the doubt to those of us who have followed the wrong policy for many years. Later, Deslandes describes how lawmakers reached out to the national government hoping they would consider changing their policy to legalize growing the farmers poppy plants allowing them to use the opium for medical use and pharmaceutical use only. Statistics mentioned in Deslandes article show how legalizing the farmers poppy plants would decrease violence with drug cartels and the government. Deslandes explained that former lawmakers agreed to consider legalizing farmers to grow poppy plants and use their opium for medical and pharmaceutical use. Deslandes points out that decriminalization would cut out drug traffickers and weaken them. Also, Deslandes argues for the legalization of marijuana because it decreased drug cartel profits. Reproduction of poppy plants and opium would also decrease its values to cartels. Deslander claims the farmers in Geurra Mexico came to a disagreement with the legalization of poppy plants. The farmers feared if their poppy plants were legalized it would become a major problem. Deslandes reported that 50,000 people in Mexico who rely on the production of cultivating their poppy plants, and without poppy farming, people would be out of a jobâ⬠no reliable income. Deslandes solution explains that legalizing the production of poppy plants can decrease government raids. The former president- elect was on board with this law being reviewed and said he would not rule out the bill. Unfortunately, this agreement did not yet pass Today, the Mexican government and drug cartels continue fighting for territory. Cartels continue spilling blood and ruining the lives of innocent people to get what they want. In 2015, the Congressional Research Service report showed an average of 80,000 people who were killed by drug cartels in Mexico. Drug cartels in Mexico make around 19 billion to 29 billion dollars a year in drug trafficking. The Sinaloa cartel is the highest-ranking dominant drug trafficking cartel in Mexico According to reports from the Council of Economic Advisors, opioid usage increased their costs each yearâ⬠roughly $500 billion in tax revenue in 2015. Eight billion dollars alone was used alone for the criminal justice enforcement. In 2014, President Enrique Pena Nitro celebrated victory for arresting a former drug lord named El Chapoâ⬠the most successful drug lord in history for the Sinaloa Cartel. Patrick Redden Keefe mentioned how the Sinaloa Cartel makes an estimate between $18 billion dollars to $39 billion dollars a year importing and exporting drugs across the border of Mexico. Keefe described the total amount in revenue that all cartels in Mexico derive from importing and exporting drugs across the U.S border, estimated a total amount of $6.6 billion annually each year. Keefe states that the Sinaloa Cartel achieved a market share minimum of 40% and 60% with a total of 3 billion dollars. Leader of the Sinaloa Cartel, Chapo Guzman, was known to be the most powerful and richest drug lord in Mexico of all time. Chapo Guzmans organization made two times the amount Pablo Escobar did. Close studies showed the Sinaloa Cartel now controls more territory around the Mexican border than any other cartel in Mexico. Keffer also claimed the Sinaloa Cartel to be the most successful organization in history today. Teri Moore described the legalization of marijuana and how it can benefit and reduce percentages of current opioid users. Moore also states that marijuana has reduced the social harms relating to opioid use. The University of British Columbia reviewed patient surveys which showed 63% of patients switched from opioid prescriptions to medical marijuana. Studies also showed 30% of the patients stayed on their opioid prescriptions. As a result, Moore mentioned medical marijuana legalization decreased by 23% of all opioid hospitalization visits. Moore explained how users are most likely unaware of their dosage intake and buy opioids illegally from the black market. Moore also explained how marijuana can reduce problems if people substituted their medications. According to the National Cancer Institute, lethal overdoses from medical marijuana cannot occur because the dosage is unknown. In 2017, a study from the American Journal of Public Health discovered opioid rates in Colorado decreased after marijuana became legalized for recreational use. Moore detailed on how the black markets pricing for marijuana was no longer known for having unbeatable prices because Colorado and Washington state decreased their market prices for marijuana to eliminate the black-market value for their products. Moores pros for marijuana legalization would not only bring transparency to future business transactions but address how the war on drugs had failed. Moore claims the benefits of recreational/medical marijuana legalization can help users overcome dangerous addictions from opioids if they replace it with marijuana. In sum, legalizing drugs can help prevent crime from cartels and minimize violence. Doing so would reduce the number of people killed in drug trafficking-related incidents and help boost economies with legally medicinal and recreational use. MLA Cited Sources: Keefe R, Patrick. Cocaine Incorporated. New York Times, Date: 15 Jun 2012. URL: https://www.nytimes.com/2012/06/17/magazine/how-a-mexican-drug-cartel-makes-its-billions.html. Accessed: 29 Nov 2018. Mexicos Drug War Fast Facts. CNN Wire, Date: 12 Jun 2018. www.link.galegroup.com/apps/doc/a54234633/ovic?=sant992008xid=934doff5 Accessed: 29 Nov 2018. Reiland R, Ralph. The Dirty Side of The War. The Humanist, Sep-Oct 2015. www.galegroup.com/apps/doc/a13581459/ovic?u=sant992008sid=bf18870b. Accessed: 29 Nov, 2018. The War on Drugs. The New York Times. 31 Dec 2017, www.nytimes.com/2017/31/opinion/failed-war-ondrugs.html. Accessed: 29 Nov 2018. Schutlz P, George and Aspe. Williams K, Michael. The War on Drugs is War on People. CNN, 22 Sep 2016, www.cnn.com/2016/09/22/opinions/war-on-drugs-michael-k-williams/index.html. Accessed: 29 Nov 2018.
Sunday, December 22, 2019
Women Of A Slave Girl By Harriet Jacobs - 1256 Words
Harriet Jacobsââ¬â¢s Incidents in the life of a Slave Girl allows Harriet Jacobs, speaking through the narrator, Linda Brent, to reveal her reasons for making public her personal story of enslavement, degradation, and sexual exploitation. Although originally ignored by critics, who often dismissed Jacobs story as a fictional account of slavery, today it is reported as the first novel narrative by an ex-slave that reveals the unique brutalities inflicted on enslaved women. Gabby Reyes Am. History Dr. Cole 11/20/2014 Harriet Jacobsââ¬â¢s Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl: A Harrowing Escape from Abuse During the Antebellum period, our young slave girl, in Harriet Jacobsââ¬â¢s novel Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl, seeks release from the horrors of a ââ¬Å"cruel, sadistic white plantation ownerâ⬠(vii) in a cruel, sadistic world that sees her as nothing more than property. The psychological tribulation Harriet Jacobs endures makes her a sympathetic character for the abolitionist movement spearheaded by the north. She is faced and burdened with the issues of self-identity, self-preservation, and freedom, yet she is unrelenting in her determination to secure a life in which she has sole control. The outdoors gave the young protagonist, Chris McCandless, in Jon Krakauerââ¬â¢s Into the Wild, room to explore and find himself before his untimely death. His qualities make him an admirable character (though he was sometimes naà ¯ve in his actions), and his death makes him a martyr to the causeShow MoreRelatedWomen Of A Slave Girl By Harriet Jacobs1540 Words à |à 7 Pa gesHarriet Jacobs in Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl uses clear detail, except when talking about her sexual history, to fully describe what it is like to be a slave. Jacobs says that Northerners only think of slavery as perpetual bondage; they don t know the depth of degradation there is to that word. She believes that no one could truly understand how slavery really is unless they have gone through it. Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl do not only tell about the physical pains and hardRead MoreWomen Of A Slave Girl By Harriet Jacobs1540 Words à |à 7 PagesIn the novel Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl, Harriet Jacobs presents what life was like living as a female slave during the 19th century. Born into slavery, she exhibits, most likely to people living in the North who thought slaves were treated fairly and well, how living as a slave, and especially as a female slave during that time was a heinous and horrible experience. Perhaps a lot harder than it was if one had been a male slave, as female slaves had to deal with issues, such as unwantedRead MoreWomen Of A Slave Girl By Harriet Jacobs911 Words à |à 4 Pagesnovel Incidents in the Life of a Slave girl by Harriet Jacobs, is the story of Harriet Jacobs under the pseudonym Linda Brent. It tells the life story of Linda and her life as a slave, her battle of freeing her children, and her journey to freedom. The majority of the book is set in a North Carolina small, close knit community in the early 1800s on Dr. Flintââ¬â¢s plantation, Lindaââ¬â¢s master and owner. It begins when Linda is a child. Her parents are free and the slave owner who possesses Linda and herRead More Slave Women in Harriet Jacobs Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl and Toni Morrisons Beloved1596 Words à |à 7 PagesSlave Women in Harriet Jacobs Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl and Toni Morrisons Beloved Slavery was a horrible institution that dehumanized a race of people. Female slave bondage was different from that of men. It wasnt less severe, but it was different. The sexual abuse, child bearing, and child care responsibilities affected the femaless pattern of resistance and how they conducted their lives. Harriet Jacobs Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl, demonstrates the different roleRead More Mary Wollstonecrafts A Vindication of the Rights of Women and Harriet Jacobs Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl3226 Words à |à 13 PagesVindication of the Rights of Women and Harriet Jacobs Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl Although Mary Wollstonecraft and Harriet Jacobs lived almost 300 years apart from one another, the basic undercurrent of both of their work is the same. Wollstonecraft was a feminist before her time and Jacobs was a freed slave who wanted more than just her own freedom. Wollstonecraftââ¬â¢s A Vindication of the Rights of Woman and Jacobsââ¬â¢ Incidents In the Life of a Slave Girl, Written By Herself wereRead MoreThe Role of Mother for Slave Women in Harriet Jacobsà ´ Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl and Harriet Beecher Stoweà ´s Uncle Tomà ´s Cabin3385 Words à |à 14 Pagesthats not the case for everybody. The dehumanizing acts of slavery are eminent in many novels, such as Incidents in the Life of Slave Girl by Harriet Jacobs and Uncle Tomââ¬â¢s Cabin by Harriet Beecher Stowe. In these novels, slave women were not suppose to enjoy the role of mother. It was either physically taken away or their mother instincts were brutally effected. Slave mothers had to face many consequences and sacrifices for their life and the life of their loved ones. When reading Stowe andRead MoreEssay Harriet Jacobs Life of a Slave Girl1322 Words à |à 6 Pages Harriet A. Jacobs Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl: Jacobsââ¬â¢s construction of black female empowerment despite the limitations of slavery Harriet A. Jacobs Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl is an autobiography written under the name of Linda Brent. This autobiography is a detailed account of her life or lack thereof. I use the term lack thereof because Harriet Jacobs was raised by her grandmother due to her mother dying at a young age. Harriet was taught to readRead MoreHarriet Jacobsââ¬â¢ Fight Against Intolerance713 Words à |à 3 Pageson his side; I had determined will. There is might in eachâ⬠a statement from Harriet Ann Jacobs reflecting her will to overcome the standards of society (97). Harriet Jacobsââ¬â¢ life revolved around slavery from birth to death. Jacobs was a mother of two with determination and insight to make choices to change the way of life for her children. Harriet Jacobs was the first African American women to have her slave narrative published retelling her life story exposing the years she spent escapingRead MoreHarriet Jacobs s Story : The True Meaning Of A Slave s Quest For Freedom1682 Words à |à 7 PagesHarriet Jacobsââ¬â¢s story informs the reader of her experiences and transformative tribulations she had to undergo from childhood to adulthood. No one in todayââ¬â¢s society could come close to comprehending the amount of heartache, torment, anguish, and complete misery women had to suffer and endure during slavery. However, we can all learn from Jacobsââ¬â¢s heartbreaking story to understand the true meaning of a slaveââ¬â¢s quest for freedom and the inalienable bond a mother has for her children. Life was toughRead More Slavery and the Life of Harriet Jacobs Essays1074 Words à |à 5 PagesSlavery and the Life of Harriet Jacobs It is well known that slavery was a horrible event in the history of the United States. However, what isnt as well known is the actual severity of slavery. The experiences of slave women presented by Angela Davis and the theories of black women presented by Patricia Hill Collins are evident in the life of Harriet Jacobs and show the severity of slavery for black women. The history of slave women offered by Davis suggests that compulsory labor overshadowed
Saturday, December 14, 2019
What can you learn from source A about Chamberlainââ¬â¢s policy towards Germany Free Essays
Source A tells me that Chamberlain did not want to go to war with Germany because he thought Germany was a power to be reckoned with, especially since she had Italyââ¬â¢s support. He feared that if it came to war Italy could take advantage of its position in the Mediterranean to attack British territory there (such as Gibraltar) and more importantly stop British shipping to and from her empire, which was very important to Britain. It also shows that Chamberlain thought that if it came to war, Hitler could hurt France where she was weakest. We will write a custom essay sample on What can you learn from source A about Chamberlainââ¬â¢s policy towards Germany? or any similar topic only for you Order Now Because the source is an unofficial, private document it can accurately show us Chamberlainââ¬â¢s opinion, and though it gives us a good idea of his intent, it does not properly show us his official policy. The source shows that Chamberlain did not think Britainââ¬â¢s armaments were strong enough to stand against Germanyââ¬â¢s, and that therefore they must buy time to build up arms, just in case. It also tells me that Chamberlain felt that the dictators could still be reasoned with and were not devoid of any honour or reasonableness, and that he still held some hope of coming to an agreement to suit everybody. He thought that if he appeased Hitler and Mussolini by helping to fix their grievances, they would be happy and the peace of Europe would be assured. 2) Study A and B. In what ways does source B add to your understanding of Chamberlainââ¬â¢s foreign policy? (6) Source B shows me that Chamberlain genuinely believed that even if Britain and France did act, nothing could save Czechoslovakia from being taken over by the Germans if they wanted to do it. He knew that Czechoslovakia was hemmed in on 3 sides by Germany and believed that Germany had every tactical and military advantage around Czechoslovakia, and Russia could not help either because she was too far away. Source B supports source A in that Source B shows me that Chamberlain still thought that Germany was too strong for Britain and France to take on, and that to protect Czechoslovakia would be tantamount to declaring out-and-out war on Germany, which he was strongly against because he thought that Britain had no chance of an easy and quick victory. The source shares with source A the idea that Chamberlain was unwilling to risk going hastily into a war against a major power, which would cost British money and lives and if, as he thought, Britain was not ready, it could mean a repeat of the extended conflict of the first world war, which everyone was keen to avoid. Chamberlain makes it clear in his diary (source B) that he did not think that it was all worth it over one small country that he thought could probably not be saved anyway. Source B like source A is private and unofficial and therefore shows just what Chamberlain is really thinking, more so than A because it is his diary, presumably intended at the time only for him. 3) Study C and D. In what ways does the evidence of these sources help you to understand Chamberlainââ¬â¢s attitude towards Hitler? (10) The author of Source C was a British ambassador and Chamberlainââ¬â¢s main source of information in Germany, and as such Chamberlain must have trusted his views as a high-ranking British dignitary who had been living in Germany probably some time. However, it is possible that Henderson had come around to the German point of view from living there so long and is writing his own opinion, which is biased, as is apparent from his comment in C about how he dislikes the Czechs. If he really had come round to the German point of view, then it is possible that he felt for Germany and like many Germans, considered that Hitler could ââ¬Ëmake Germany great againââ¬â¢. If this were true, it would mean either that Henderson actually believed that Hitler was reasonable, or that he deliberately misled Chamberlain about Hitlerââ¬â¢s intent. Alternatively, officials he had spoken to in the German government may simply have misled Henderson. The Germans knew that he was Britainââ¬â¢s main source of information and they may have decided to use him to convince Chamberlain that Germany was stronger than she was and that Hitler was open to options other than going to war, thus encouraging him to put off war by appeasement. In source C Henderson leads Chamberlain to believe that Hitler does not really wish to go to war if he has to, as war would help the opponents of Hitler and Nazism, but it would be disastrous for Germany. He implies that Hitler is reasonable and open to negotiation. If Henderson had not been corrupted by Hitler, then source C contains Hendersonââ¬â¢s genuine idea of what Hitler must have been thinking, but as it turned out, his assessment of the situation was wrong. Hendersonââ¬â¢s reports, whether genuinely what he thought or not, must have influenced Chamberlain to think that Hitler was a reasonable man who did not want war any more than Chamberlain himself. This would have simply built upon the view Chamberlain already had that Hitler had some sense of honour. Chamberlain was from a business background in Birmingham and must have found it hard to believe that the leader of a nation could be so duplicitous as Hitler eventually revealed himself to be. Source D shows us this exact trust Chamberlain had in Hitler ââ¬â even though he did not like the look of him, Chamberlain still had faith that Hitlerââ¬â¢s word meant something and that Hitlerââ¬â¢s policies were only directed towards uniting all the German speaking peoples, not just getting all the territory he could. Because Chamberlain believed what he said in source D, and believed Hitler when he said he would be satisfied with the Sudetenland and not ask any more territory in Europe, he convinced France and Czechoslovakia to submit to the German occupation of the Sudetenland. ) Study E, F, G and H. What can you work out from these sources about: i) The demands made by Hitler (6) The very fact that Britain and France were willing to agree to Hitlerââ¬â¢s demands at all shows that his first demands (Czechoslovakia handing over to Germany the parts of the Sudetenland comprised of over 50% Germans) were not perceived by the governments of Britain and France to be altogether too much to ask, and that they believed that he was genuine in his insistence that it was all he would take from Europe. The fact that they were so eager for a reply to the statement in source E and were so ready to give up Czechoslovakia to Germany shows how insistent Hitler was that he got his way. This is corroborated by the fact that Germany put a lot of pressure on Czechoslovakia to agree to Hitlerââ¬â¢s demands; this could be the ââ¬Å"unheard of pressureâ⬠of source F. Chamberlain was so convinced that giving in to Hitlerââ¬â¢s demands was the way to peace that Britain and France even refused to support Czechoslovakia at all if she didnââ¬â¢t capitulate completely in the matter of the Sudetenland. However, source G shows us that Hitler was not to be trusted and as soon as Chamberlain had got Czechoslovakia and France to agree, he changed his demands to more unreasonable ones, which Hitler hoped would ultimately insure the disintegration of Czechoslovakia, by taking large amounts of land from her. These demands were completely unreasonable, even for the peacemaker Chamberlain, and only when Britain and France threatened to go to war did Hitler reduce his demands a little, although his demands mentioned in source G are so unreasonable it could almost be said he was deliberately aiming high so when he was forced to compromise he would get the better deal. Source H shows that Hitler could feel confident about making these demands as Chamberlain was still set upon peace despite all he had seen Hitler capable of. Chamberlain makes clear in this speech that he thinks all Hitler is after is Czechoslovakia and that Britain will not go to war just to protect one small country. ii) Relations between Britain and Czechoslovakia in September 1938? (6) When Hitler made his first demands of Chamberlain, Chamberlain agreed and then informed Czechoslovakia (source E), even though it would severely weaken Czechoslovakia (a state that Britain had helped to set up). Britain and France practically forced her to agree to Hitlerââ¬â¢s demands, going so far as to refuse to support her if she did not. The Czechoslovak government was not even consulted in the future of its own country, which as source F shows was hurtful to the Czechs. Czechoslovakia could not even defend herself from her enemy because she had been let down by her friends. Czechoslovakia must have felt pressured into agreeing and very disillusioned with and even betrayed by France, its so-called ally; and Britain, Franceââ¬â¢s ally and one of the upholders of the Treaty of Versailles. As source G shows, when Hitler came up with his next outrageous demands, Czechoslovakia balked and refused point blank to agree, and the feelings of the Czechoslovak government are expressed to the British government in source G in no uncertain terms. Czechoslovakia may have had some hope in Britainââ¬â¢s support when she promised to support France in a war against Germany, although this soon faded after the Munich agreement. Source H shows that Chamberlain was still trying to uphold peace despite Hitlerââ¬â¢s continually changing demands, and evidently still thought that it was worth sacrificing Czechoslovakia on the altar of peace. ) Study I, J and K. ââ¬Å"The Munich agreement was very popular in Britainâ⬠. Use the evidence of the sources, and your own knowledge, to explain whether you agree with this view. (8) I agree with this view to a point. The Munich agreement was certainly popular with many people, especially the generations who had been through the Great War. They knew what it was to fight in terrible conditions or to lose a loved one in the war. The First World War was called ââ¬Ëthe war to end all warsââ¬â¢ and nobody wanted to go through it all again. This view is supported by source I, which is from a quality paper and written by the editor, who is presumably an educated person who knows what theyââ¬â¢re talking about. The bad memories of the previous war would put the public in favour of avoiding another war if it could be possibly helped, so the peacemaking Chamberlain with his slogan from Benjamin Disraeli: ââ¬ËPeace in our timeââ¬â¢ was well received by many. The Munich agreement, which guaranteed that Germany and Britain would not go to war in the future, seemed to sort out everyoneââ¬â¢s worries. Source J shows a crowd outside 10, Downing Street, who look like they are there to support Chamberlain. However this is not really indicative of the agreementââ¬â¢s popularity as photographs can be deceptive, and Downing Street is not actually that wide a street so the crowd appears bigger than it is. Most of the generation who were making the decisions for Britain (the politicians and diplomats) had experienced the war and this may have influenced them and their decisions in favour of appeasement and the Munich agreement. The government also feared that if war broke out, thousands of civilians could be killed by bombing raids. Also the British army was not strong enough to handle another big war at that time. People like the author of source I did not want to involve Britain in European affairs again, as they thought it was nothing to do with Britain. Many, like Henderson in source K, felt that Chamberlain had done something special in making Hitler agree to peace and so supported the Munich agreement because they thought it was a great feat of negotiation and diplomacy on Chamberlainââ¬â¢s part. Source K shows that at least one person thought that what Chamberlain did was the only option in the circumstances. Many British people felt sorry for the Germans because the Treaty of Versailles was so harsh and felt that they had been unfairly treated. Many could sympathise with the desire to bring the German-speaking people together. People did not even disagree wholly with Germany claiming the Sudetenland, as it was thought of as practically a part of Germany anyway ââ¬â both geographically and culturally. However, being in favour of the Munich agreement was far from universal and it had many critics. They thought that Germany was being allowed to become too powerful, breaking treaty after treaty and getting away with it. They thought Germany would not stop at just Czechoslovakia, and she would eventually become a power strong enough to threaten the British Empire. Winston Churchill was one of the critics of the Munich agreement and appeasement in general. 6) Study all the sources. The writer of source K believed that war was only avoided in 1938 because of the courage of Chamberlain. Use the sources and your own knowledge to explain whether you agree with this view. (10) I agree with this view to the point that I would say the fact that war was avoided in 1938 was mostly because of Chamberlain. It was Chamberlainââ¬â¢s insistency on trying to appease the dictators at all costs that brought the Munich agreement about. It was Chamberlain who convinced France to support him in encouraging Czechoslovakia to agree to Hitlerââ¬â¢s demands (as in source C), and eventually almost forcing them into it by refusing to support Czechoslovakia at all should it come to fighting. Although Chamberlain says in source D to his sister that he thinks Hitler is to be trusted, and I think he means what he says because it is a personal, private letter, by the time of the Munich agreement he must have had some idea of what Hitler was like as he had broken his word and gone back on their agreement of the 15th of September only days before, which as source G shows was very damaging and humiliating to the Czechs. Yet still he went ahead and in effect signed Czechoslovakia over to the Germans without even inviting the Czechs to join the conference. Either this is the move of a very stupid and naive man in still believing that Hitler would not make further attempts to get territory for Germany, or Chamberlain was taking a calculated risk to give Britain more time to protect herself from Germany, not caring about Czechoslovakia. As source B shows, Chamberlain was not willing to take the risk of going to war in 1938 just to protect one small country. Source A shows us that as early as January 1938 Chamberlain was thinking about building up British armaments. I think that the lack of war in1938 was due to Chamberlain although I would not call it courage. He made the agreement because he was convinced that the British public wanted peace more than anything (source J shows that at least some of them did). He was afraid of what another war would do to Britain if she were not ready, especially since the Spanish civil war in which the German Condor Legion decimated the Basque town of Guernica. Chamberlain was excessively afraid of German air strength as he was unfamiliar with the effects of bombing and feared that London could become another Guernica, with hundreds of thousands of casualties. It was thought that the entire German Luftwaffe would head for Britain as soon as war broke out and people greatly overestimated its size and strength. However optimistic Chamberlain chose to be, he must have known that if Britain continued to get involved in Europeââ¬â¢s affairs then sooner or later she would have to fight Germany. Although war was avoided in 1938 it was not avoided altogether and if anything it convinced Hitler that Britain was soft and irresolute and would do nothing by force to stop his further conquest of Europe. This meant that he persevered in his plans to expand Germany without worrying about Britain. How to cite What can you learn from source A about Chamberlainââ¬â¢s policy towards Germany?, Papers
Friday, December 6, 2019
A Case Study and Marketing Principles of Tupperware
Question: Discuss about theMarketing Principlesfor Tupperware Case Study. Answer: Introduction Tupperware Company was started by Earl Tupper in 1942 in the United States, but it became popular in 1948. The company produces and distributes its products all over the world. Some of the brands made by the company include plastic containers, bowls, lids for preserving and storing goods for kitchen and home purposes. The name changed to Tupperware Brand Corporation started in 2005 after it realized its diversification to the public. This report seeks to address the PESTEL and SWOT analysis as it has been discussed below. Pestel Analysis PESTEL which stands for Political, Economic, Social-Cultural, Technology, Environment and Legal factors is one of the most effective tools for analyzing the external environment of the organization. Like any organization, Tupperware external environment can be scanned using this tool Political and Legal Factors: The political and legal elements refer to the effects occurring to an organization as a result of changes in government policies, war, and stability of the country (Pangarkar, 2015). Tupperware Brand Corporation has existed for approximately seventy-four years. During this time, there have been dynamics in the United States and the other countries where Tupperware sells its products; several governments have been on power introducing policies and legal measures to business organizations. There are positive as well as side effects brought about by the policies formulated and imposed by these governments. Economic Factors: They cause fluctuations in the economy where there are boom and recessions, (Amassaib Adam, 2016). The economy of the countries where Tupperware sells its products is subjected to change at different times of the year. When the economy is unfavorable, Tupperware faces different challenges such as reduced sales and low production of its products. However, once it is boom period, the economy is high, sales go high and much revenue is generated. Socio-cultural Factors: The aspects making up this factor include religion, social organizations, beliefs, and attitudes of people (Zander, McDougall-Covin, Rose, 2015). Socio-cultural factors affect the preference of customers towards a given product or range of commodities. These factor affects Tupperware since it is an international company dealing with many consumers, there might be lower purchasing power due to social class, habits, religion and preference of people. This causes a major problem for the company. Technology: Technological aspect involves study and collection of new techniques (Btiz-Lazo, 2016). It affects Tupperware in that it has to adapt to the changes in technology, this requires funds for purchasing computers, engines, and machines to facilitate fast production, efficiency, accurate and reliable work for the company. Physical Environment: Changes in the natural environment affect the performance of Tupperware, for example, 2005 Hurricane in the US destroyed premises and equipment for businesses. Others include earthquakes, storms, and hostile climate. Tupperware is believed to have strengths in the market. The strengths include variety of goods, local and foreign market, and it has won the loyalty and trust of its customers. This makes the company much stronger to make more sales and generate revenue. SWOT Analysis Strengths: The company strengths lies on the dedicated workers who work very hard to take the company to the next level. Again, the company offers the variety of brands the strategy that has helped the company to claim a large market share. Weakness: The greatest problem facing Tupperware Corporation is increasing competitive market from firms such as Avon Products Inc. and Newell Brands Inc. Other weaknesses include creating too many products, inappropriate methods of advertising and spending much funds for research. Opportunities: Tupperware Brand Corporation has a variety of opportunities, for example, new and larger international markets, high rate of growth and development and market segmentation. Threats: the company experiences threats such as increasing the cost of labor, raw material, rates of interests and fluctuation of prices due to dynamic economy of countries. In conclusion, when PESTEL factors change positively, they improve Tupperware Brand Corporation to make more profit, and this can be achieved by focusing more on the strengths and opportunities too. However, opposing or hindering changes, as well as threats and weaknesses in SWOT analysis, cause loss to the company. References Amassaib, M. A., Adam, M. A. (2016). Impacts of Some Environmental and Economic Factors on Production of Sorghum and Millet in North Kordofan State: Journal of Natural Resources and Environmental Studies. Vol. 19 No. 2, pp. 13-33 Grnig, R., Morschett, D. (2017). Determining the Target Markets. In DevelopingInternational Strategies. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg. Hamilton, L., Webster, P. (2015). The international business environment. Oxford University Press, USA. McDougall-Covin, P., Rose, E. L. (2015). Born global and international business: Evolution of a field of research. Journal of International Business Studies. Vol. 41 No.9, pp.2075-90 Pangarkar, N. (2015). Performance implications of strategic changes: An integrative framework. Business horizons
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